Max Boost!!! – Turbo Charged 101
A turbocharger is a simple device used to improve the performance of your engine. Although some people associate this piece of equipment with reckless road use and behaviour, this is not always the case. As advanced as a turbocharger may look or sound, it is basically an air pump.
Cross section of a turbocharger
There are many ways for a turbocharger to be integrated into a vehicle. Some of the most common turbo setups are rear mounted , suck through and front mounted. Front mounted turbo setups are by far the most popular and most factory based turbocharged vehicles, utilize this setup.
How does a turbocharger really work?
All engines produce exhaust gas which is a waste product created during the combustion cycle of an engine. In a standard vehicle, exhaust is routed directly into the atmosphere through the tailpipe, while in a turbocharged vehicle, the exhaust gas is first channelled into the turbo setup through the turbine side of the turbocharger. It then spins a turbine wheel and exits past into the downpipe and out through the tail pipes.
The Turbo Wheel (left) The Turbo Housing (right)
This turbine wheel is bolted to a shaft. When the turbine wheel spins, the force exerted turns the shaft. On the opposite end of the shaft, there is a second wheel, (the compressor wheel) which also spins as a result of the force being transferred. The compressor wheel then sucks air into its housing, forcing the air through the compressor outlet. This compressed air is referred to as turbo boost pressure, or ‘boost’, which allows the engine to create more power.
How a turbocharger improves engine performance and efficiency
- A turbo charger converts waste energy from the exhaust gas into fresh air which enters the engine.
- It increases the ability of the engine to intake more air at lower revolutions per minute (RPM), this allow for more power creation at lower engine speeds.
- The increased power allows for fuel savings as well as a smoother quieter ride as a result of lower RPM operation.
A little known fact is that many luxury cars are turbocharged: the new Mercedes E Class has three optional turbo charged engines available, while the Audi A4 1.8t, a popular executive vehicle here in Barbados, also has a turbocharged engine.
So if you’re in the market for a new vehicle, consider the turbocharged ride – you just might be surprised.
The Compressor and Wheel Housing
Max Boost!!! is a weekly column written by Dwayne Browne
For over 10 years, Dwayne Browne has gained a wealth of knowledge in engine modifications and performance enhancements, through his many project car experiences.
Join Max Boost!!! every week on Adrenaline Sun, as we take you into the world of Project Cars in Barbados.
